Specifically designed to measure Superoxide production in live cells
Compatible with major components of tissue culture media (phenol red, FBS and BSA)
Validated on microscopy, flow cytometry, and microplates
Enzo Life Sciences ROS-ID® Total ROS/Superoxide detection kit includes dyes to measure Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Superoxide production in live cells. The non-fluorescent, cell-permeable Oxidative Stress Detection Reagent (Green, Ex/Em 490/525 nm) reacts directly with a wide range of reactive species (hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite and hydroxyl radicals) yielding a green fluorescent product. The Superoxide Detection Reagent (Orange, Ex/Em 550/620 nm) is a cell-permeable probe that reacts specifically with superoxide, generating an orange fluorescent product. Pyocyanin (ROS inducer) and NAC (ROS inhibitor) are also provided with the kit.
Figure 6. ROS-ID® Total ROS/Superoxide detection Kit and a set of ROS scavengers/inhibitors were used to profile ROS production in HeLa cells treated with antimycin A, (AMA, specific superoxide inducer), t-butyl-peroxide (TBHP, specific peroxide inducer), and pyocyanin (general ROS inducer). Similar results were obtained using U-2 OS and CHO K1 cells.
Figure 4. Profiling of ROS formation by flow cytometry in Hela cells. Data represents % positive following treatment with Pyocyanin (ROS/SO inducer), TBHP (ROS inducer), and AMA (superoxide inducer). Green columns indicate % positive for ROS and orange columns represent % positive for superoxide.
Figure 1. Profiling of reactive oxygen species formation by fluorescence microscopy was achieved in HeLa cells loaded with ROS/Superoxide detection reagents and treated with pyocyanin. General oxidative stress levels were monitored in the green channel, while superoxide production was detected in the orange channel. Pretreatment with NAC, a general ROS inhibitor, prevents formation of ROS.
Figure 3. Flow cytometry histograms of ROS inhibition by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, ROS inhibitor). Jurkat cells were pretreated with 5 mM (pink, left) or 10 mM (pink, right), or without NAC (green, positive control) for one hour. Cells were then incubated with 100 µM pyocyanin (ROS inducer) and stained with 1 µM oxidative stress detection reagent. Untreated cells (blue) were used as a negative control. The numbers in the upper right corners indicate the percentage of median fluorescence intensity of NAC-treated cells as compared with positive control cells.
Figure 5. (Top) HeLa Cells Loaded with ROS/RNS 3-Plex Detection Reagent for 2 h, 37°C and Induced for 20 min, 37°C. Column 1: Control Column 2: Pyocyanin, 0.1 mM Column 3: L-Arginine, 1mM Column 4: Pyo/Arg
(Bottom) Pretreatment with 5 mM NAC Column 1: Control Column 2: L-Arginine, 1mM Column 3: Pyocyanin, 0.1 mM Column 4: Pyo/Arg
Specific profiling of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species formation by fluorescence microscopy in HeLa cells loaded with dyes from ROS-ID® ROS/RNS Detection Kit (ENZ-51001). (Top) - Combined treatment of Pyocyanin and L-Arg generates peroxynitrite (green fluorescence) due to the reaction of NO with superoxide, bur little NO (red fluorescence). (Bottom) - Pretreatment with NAC inhibits peroxynitrite and superoxide formation, but not NO.
Figure 2. Jurkat cells were induced with 100 µM pyocyanin (general ROS inducer, panel B), 200 µM antimycin A (superoxide inducer, panel C) or 1 µM of t-butyl-hydroperoxide (peroxide inducer, panel D), stained with two color ROS Detection Kit and analyzed using flow cytometry. Untreated cells (panel A) were used as a control. Cell debris were ungated and compensation was performed using single stained pyocyanin-treated samples. Red numbers reflect the percentage of the cells in each quadrant.
This kit is designed to directly monitor real time reactive oxygen and/or nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) production in live cells using fluorescence microscopy and/or flow cytometry.
Quality Control:
A sample from each lot of ROS-ID® Total ROS/Superoxide detection kit is used to stain HeLa cells using the procedures described in the user manual. The stained cells are analyzed using a wide-field fluorescence microscope equipped with standard green (490/525 nm) and orange (550/620 nm) filter set.
The following results are obtained: ROS positive control samples induced with Pyocyanin exhibit bright orange signal in nucleus as well as bright green fluorescence in the cytoplasm. Cells pretreated with the ROS inhibitor don’t demonstrate any green or orange fluorescence signal upon induction.
Quantity:
200 fluorescence microscopy assays or 50 flow cytometry assays or 2x96 microplate assays.
Use/Stability:
With proper storage, the kit components are stable up to the date noted on the product label. Store kit at -20°C in a non-frost free freezer, or -80°C for longer term storage.
The ROS-ID® Total ROS/Superoxide detection kit is a member of the CELLESTIAL® product line, reagents and assay kits comprising fluorescent molecular probes that have been extensively benchmarked for live cell analysis applications. CELLELSTIAL® reagents and kits are optimal for use in demanding imaging applications, such as confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and HCS, where consistency and reproducibility are required.
CAR links hypoxia signaling to improved survival after myocardial infarction: F. Freiberg, et al.; Exp. Mol. Med. 55, 643 (2023), Abstract;
Conditional Knockout of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-Alpha in Tumor-Infiltrating Neutrophils Protects against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: J.L. Sieow, et al.; Int. J. Mol. Sci. 24, 753 (2023), Abstract;
Elicitation of Inhibitory Effects for AGE-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rotator Cuff-Derived Cells by Apocynin: T. Furukawa, etc.; Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 45, 3435 (2023), Abstract;
Antioxidant effect of nicotinamide mononucleotide in tendinopathy: K. Yamaura, et al.; BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 23, 249 (2022), Abstract;
Efficient differentiation of human neutrophils with recapitulation of emergency granulopoiesis in human G-CSF knockin humanized mice: R. Ito, et al.; Cell Rep. 41, 111841 (2022), Abstract;
Eicosatetraynoic Acid and Butyrate Regulate Human Intestinal Organoid Mitochondrial and Extracellular Matrix Pathways Implicated in Crohn’s Disease Strictures: I. Jurickova, et al.; Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 28, 988 (2022), Abstract;
Hirsutella sinensis mycelium attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in vivo: T.T. Huang, et al.; Sci. Rep. 5, 15282 (2022), Abstract;
Increased Expression and Activity of Brain Cortical cPLA2 Due to Chronic Lipopolysaccharide Administration in Mouse Model of Familial Alzheimer’s Disease: M. Gynther, et al.; Pharmaceutics 14, 2438 (2022), Abstract;
Inhibition of mitoNEET attenuates LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress: S. Lee, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 13, 127 (2022), Abstract;
Neutrophil degranulation and severely impaired extracellular trap formation at the basis of susceptibility to infections of hemodialysis patients: S. Talal, et al.; BMC Med. 20, 364 (2022), Abstract;
New glycoconjugation strategies for Ruthenium(II) arene complexes via phosphane ligands and assessment of their antiproliferative activity: D. Iacopini, et al.; Bioorg. Chem. 126, 105901 (2022), Abstract;
Quercetin treatment protects the Achilles tendons of rats from oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia: T. Yoshikawa, et al.; BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 23, 563 (2022), Abstract;
Areca nut extract (ANE) inhibits the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via activation of ROS production and activation of autophagy: P.L. Wei, et al.; Int. J. Med. Sci. 18, 3452 (2021), Abstract;
Differential oxidative stress responses and tobacco-specific nitrosamine accumulation in two burley varieties: J. Kurepa, et al.; J. Plant Physiol. 261, 153429 (2021), Abstract;
Dihydroisotanshinone I induced ferroptosis and apoptosis of lung cancer cells: C.Y. Wu, et al.; Biomed. Pharmacother. 139, 111585 (2021), Abstract;
Incense smoke-induced oxidative stress disrupts tight junctions and bronchial epithelial barrier integrity and induces airway hyperresponsiveness in mouse lungs: N. Yamamoto, et al.; Sci. Rep. 11, 7222 (2021), Abstract; Full Text
Nano-encapsulation of hydroxytyrosol into formulated nanogels improves therapeutic effects against hepatic steatosis: An in vitro study: E. Mauri, et al.; Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl. 124, 112080 (2021), Abstract;
Non-viral gene delivery of the oncotoxic protein NS1 for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: D. Witzigmann, et al.; J. Control Release 334, 138 (2021), Abstract;
Polymer-ritonavir derivate nanomedicine with pH-sensitive activation possesses potent anti-tumor activity in vivo via inhibition of proteasome and STAT3 signaling: L. Sivák, et al.; J. Control Release 332, 563 (2021), Application(s): ROS detection in CT26 and FaDu cell lines, Abstract;
Selective striatal cell loss is ameliorated by regulated autophagy of the cortex: K. Cho & G.W. Kim; Life Sci. 282, 119822 (2021), Abstract;
Anthrax toxin component, Protective Antigen, protects insects from bacterial infections: S. Alameh, et al.; PLoS Pathog. 16, e1008836 (2020), Abstract; Full Text
A Role for COX20 in Tolerance to Oxidative Stress and Programmed Cell Death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: E. Keerthiraju, et al.; Microorganisms 7, 575 (2019), Abstract; Full Text
Atorvastatin restricts the ability of influenza virus to generate lipid droplets and severely suppresses the replication of the virus: D. Episcopio, et al.; FASEB J. 33, 9516 (2019), Abstract;
Bromelain inhibits the ability of colorectal cancer cells to proliferate via activation of ROS production and autophagy: T.C. Chang, et al.; PLoS One 14, e0210274 (2019), Application(s): Flow cytometry using HCT116 and HT-29 cells, Abstract; Full Text
Excessive mechanical loading promotes osteoarthritis through the gremlin-1-NF-κB pathway: S.H. Chang, et al.; Nat. Commun. 10, 1442 (2019), Application(s): Fluorescence microscopy using mouse primary chondrocytes, Abstract; Full Text
Flow cytometric measurement of ROS production in macrophages in response to FcγR cross-linking: M.G. Shehat & J. Tigno-Aranjuez; J. Vis. Exp. e59167 (2019), Application(s): Video describing the flow cytometric measurement of ROS in macrophages, Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of suicidal erythrocyte death by chronic hypoxia: F. Tang, et al.; High Alt. Med. Biol. 20, 112 (2019), Abstract;
Propyl gallate inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth through the induction of ROS and the activation of autophagy: P.L. Wei, et al.; PLoS One 14, e0210513 (2019), Abstract; Full Text
Targeting bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 sensitizes lung cancer cells to TRAIL by increasing cytosolic Smac/DIABLO and the downregulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein: R. NeMoyer, et al.; Cell Commun. Signal. 17, 150 (2019), Abstract; Full Text
Association of advanced glycation end products in Dupuytren disease: F. Takese, et al.; J. Orthop. Surg. Res. 13, 143 (2018), Abstract; Full Text
Co-delivery of siAlox15 and sunitinib for reversing the new-onset of type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice: Y. Peng, et al.; J. Control Release 292, 1 (2018), Application(s): ROS/Superoxide levels in transfected INS-1E cells, Abstract;
Combined treatment with benzo[a]pyrene and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induces expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in monocyte/macrophage-derived cells: M. Nakagawa, et al.; Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 345, 48 (2018), Abstract;
Counteraction of oxidative stress by vitamin E effects epigenetic regulation by increasing global methylation and gene expression of MLH1 and DNMT1 dose: K. Zappe, et al.; Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2018, 3734250 (2018), Application(s): Microplate assay using Caco-2, Abstract; Full Text
Heat shock protein 27 influences the anti-cancer effect of curcumin in colon cancer cells through ROS production and autophagy activation: H.H. Liang, et al.; Life Sci. 209, 43 (2018), Abstract;
In vivo selectivity and localization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction by osmium anticancer complexes that circumvent platinum-resistance: J.P.C. Coverdale, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 61, 9246 (2018), Abstract;
The effects of high glucose condition on rat tenocytes in vitro and rat Achilles tendon in vivo: Y. Ueda, et al.; Bone Joint Res. 7, 362 (2018), Abstract; Full Text
Bacillus subtilis utilizes the DNA damage response to manage multicellular development: K. Gozzi, et al.; NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 3, 8 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
Bioavailable concentrations of delphinidin and its metabolite, gallic acid, induce antioxidant protection associated with increased intracellular glutathione in cultured endothelial cells: K. Goszcz, et al.; Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2017, 9260701 (2017), Application(s): Fluorescence microplate reader with HUVEC cells, Abstract; Full Text
Increasing N-acetylaspartate in the Brain during Postnatal Myelination Does Not Cause the CNS Pathologies of Canavan Disease: A.P. Appu, et al.; Front. Mol. Neurosci. 10, 161 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
Modulation of alveolar macrophage innate response in proinflammatory-, pro-oxidant-, and infection- models by mint extract and chemical constituents: Role of MAPKs: N. Yadav & H. Chandra; Immunobiology 223, 49 (2017), Abstract;
Neurochemical effects of the R form of α-lipoic acid and its neuroprotective mechanism in cellular models of Parkinson's disease: H. Zhao, et al.; Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol. 87, 86 (2017), Application(s): Flow cytometry using SH-SY5Y cells, Abstract;
Polyethylene glycol-functionalized poly (Lactic Acid-co-Glycolic Acid) and graphene oxide nanoparticles induce pro-inflammatory and apoptotic responses in Candida albicans-infected vaginal epithelial cells: R.D. Wagner, et al.; PLoS One 12, e0175250 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
Protective effects of aucubin on osteoarthritic chondrocyte model induced by hydrogen peroxide and mechanical stimulus: I.C. Young, et al.; BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 17, 91 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
Dengue-induced autophagy, virus replication and protection from cell death require ER stress (PERK) pathway activation: E. Datan, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 7, e2127 (2016), Abstract; Full Text
Isovitexin Exerts Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Activities on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB and Activating HO-1/Nrf2 Pathways: H. Lv, et al.; Int. J. Biol. Sci. 12, 72 (2016), Application(s): measured Intracellular ROS lebels by Fluorence microplate reader or flow cytometry, Abstract; Full Text
Nilotinib induces ER stress and cell death in H9c2 cells: D. Lekes, et al.; Physiol. Res. 65, S505 (2016), Application(s): Fluorescence microscopy using H9c2 cells, Abstract; Full Text
Prolactin protects retinal pigment epithelium by inhibiting sirtuin 2-dependent cell death: R. Meléndez García, et al.; EBioMedicine 7, 35 (2016), Application(s): Measurement of total ROS, Abstract;
Salubrinal reduces oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and impulsive-like behavior in a rodent model of traumatic brain injury: A.F. Logsdon, et al.; Brain Res. 1643, 140 (2016), Application(s): Detected total ROS and superoxide levels in rodent cells, Abstract;
Acinetobacter baumannii escape from neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs): G. Kamoshida, et al.; J. Infect. Chemother. 21, 43 (2015), Application(s): Flow cytometry measurements of total ROS and superoxide levels in neutrophils, Abstract;
Anthocyans-rich Aronia melanocarpa extract possesses ability to protect endothelial progenitor cells against angiotensin II induced dysfunction: A. Parzonko, et al.; Phytomedicine 22, 1238 (2015), Application(s): Measurement of intracellular ROS production, Abstract;
Cytotoxicity of the Urokinase-Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Carbamimidothioic Acid (4-Boronophenyl) Methyl Ester Hydrobromide (BC-11) on Triple-Negative MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells: A. Longo, et al.; Molecules 20, 9879 (2015), Application(s): Flow Cytometry, Abstract; Full Text
Functional pseudogenes inhibit the superoxide production: W. Xu, et al.; Precis. Med. 2, e745 (2015), Application(s): Fluorescence Microscopy, Abstract; Full Text
Gemcitabine-induced CXCL8 expression counteracts its actions by inducing tumor neovascularization: Y. Song, et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 458, 341 (2015), Application(s): Flow Cytometry, Abstract;
Mechanisms that lead to the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome expression and activation in human dental pulp fibroblasts: A. Zhang, et al.; Mol. Immunol. 66, 253 (2015), Application(s): ELISA using human cells, Abstract;
Mitofusin-2 triggers mitochondria Ca 2+ influx from the endoplasmic reticulum to induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells: W. Wang, et al.; Cancer Lett. 358, 47 (2015), Application(s): Flow cytometry measurements of total ROS and superoxide levels in HepG2 cells, Abstract;
Neither resveratrol nor metformin protects human cardiomyocytes against toxicity of epirubicin and radiation in-vitro: M. Gramatyka, et al.; Med. Sci. 17, 1 (2015), Application(s): Microplate, Full Text
Oxidative Stress Response in Canine In Vitro Liver, Kidney and Intestinal Models with Seven Potential Dietary Ingredients: K. Choi, et al. ; Toxicol. Lett. 241, 49 (2015), Application(s): Oxidative/nitrosative stress measurements for hepatocytes, Abstract;
Phenotypic screening of a library of compounds against metastatic and non-metastatic clones of a canine mammary gland tumour cell line: K. Saeki, et al.; Vet. J. 205, 288 (2015), Abstract;
A feedback mechanism to control apoptosis occurs in the digestive gland of the oyster crassostrea gigas exposed to the paralytic shellfish toxins producer Alexandrium catenella: J.L. Rolland, et al.; Mar. Drugs 12, 5035 (2014), Application(s): Microplate measurements of total ROS and superoxide levels in digestive gland cells from oysters, Abstract; Full Text
A new and reliable method for live imaging and quantification of reactive oxygen species in Botrytis cinerea: technological advancement: R. Marschall, et al.; Fungal Genet. Biol. 71, 68 (2014), Application(s): Fluorescence microscopy and microplate measurements of total ROS and superoxide levels in fungi , Abstract;
Dengue virus type 2 (DENV2)-induced oxidative responses in monocytes from glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient and G6PD normal subjects: A.A. Al-Alimi, et al.; PloS Negl. Trop. Dis. 8, e2711 (2014), Application(s): Flow cytometry measurements of total ROS and superoxide levels in monocytes, Abstract; Full Text
Ghrelin protects against renal damages induced by angiotensin-II via an antioxidative stress mechanism in mice: K. Fujimura, et al.; PLoS One 9, e94373 (2014), Application(s): Microplate measurements of total ROS and superoxide levels in HK-2 cells, Abstract; Full Text
Metabolic reprogramming of macrophages: glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1)-mediated glucose metabolism drives a proinflammatory phenotype: A.J. Freemerman, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 289, 7884 (2014), Application(s): Flow cytometry measurements of total ROS and superoxide levels in macrophages, Abstract;
Mice with heterozygous deficiency of manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) have a skin immune system with features of "inflamm-aging": J. Scheurmann, et al.; Arch. Dermatol. Res. 306, 143 (2014), Abstract;
Nuclear Nrf2 induction by protein transduction attenuates osteoclastogenesis: H. Kanzaki, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 77, 239 (2014), Application(s): Flow cytometry measurements of total ROS and superoxide levels in macrophages, Abstract;
Rhododendrol, a depigmentation-inducing phenolic compound, exerts melanocyte cytotoxicity via a tyrosinase-dependent mechanism: M. Sasaki, et al.; Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 27, 754 (2014), Application(s): Flow cytometry measurements of total ROS and superoxide levels in melanocytes, Abstract; Full Text
The medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea suppresses inflammation by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome: T.T. Huang, et al.; J. Ethnopharmacol. 155, 154 (2014), Application(s): Microplate measurements of total ROS and superoxide levels in THP-1 macrophages, Abstract;
Therapeutic ROS targeting of GADD45γ in the induction of G2/M arrest in primary human colorectal cancer cell lines by cucurbitacin E: Y.C. Hsu, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 5, e1198 (2014), Abstract; Full Text
Translocation of GSK-3β, a trigger of permeability transition, is kinase activity-dependent and mediated by interaction with VDAC2: M. Tanno, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 289, 29285 (2014), Application(s): Fluorescence microscopy of total ROS and superoxide production in H9c2 and HEK293 cells, Abstract;
Ubiquinol-10 supplementation activates mitochondria functions to decelerate senescence in senescence-accelerated mice: G. Tian, et al.; Antioxid. Redox Signal. 20, 2606 (2014), Abstract;
Validation of genome-wide association study (GWAS)-identified disease risk alleles with patient-specific stem cell lines: J. Yang, et al.; Hum. Mol. Genet. 23, 3445 (2014), Abstract;
Vasoinhibins regulate the inner and outer blood-retinal barrier and limit retinal oxidative stress: D. Arredondo-Zamarripa, et al.; Front. Cell. Neurosci. 8, 333 (2014), Application(s): Microplate measurements of total ROS and superoxide levels in bovine umbilical vein endothelial cells and ARPE-19 cells, Abstract; Full Text
Connexin36 contributes to INS-1E cells survival through modulation of cytokine-induced oxidative stress, ER stress and AMPK activity: F. Allagnat, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 20, 1742 (2013), Application(s): Measurement of ROS and Superoxide using a microplate reader, Abstract;
Dual regulation of cadmium-induced apoptosis by mTORC1 through selective induction of IRE1 branches in unfolded protein response: H. Kato, et al.; PLoS One 8, e64344 (2013), Application(s): Fluorescence microscopy using a rat renal tubular epithelial cell line, Abstract; Full Text
Embryonic stem cell-based modeling of tau pathology in human neurons: J. Mertens, et al.; Am. J. Pathol. 182, 1769 (2013), Application(s): Measurement of total ROS/Superoxides in human neurons using microplate reader, Abstract;
Growth inhibition and apoptosis of neuroblastoma cells through ROS-independent MEK/ERK activation by sulforaphane: Y.C. Hsu, et al.; Cell. Biochem. Biophys. 66, 765 (2013), Abstract;
Metabolomic analysis of dynamic response and drug resistance of gastriccancer cells to 5-fluorouracil: S. Sasada, et al.; Oncol. Rep. 29, 925 (2013), Application(s): Flow cytometry using a gastric adenocarcinoma cell line line, Abstract; Full Text
Mitochondrial dysfunction in a novel form of autosomal recessive ataxia: N.A. Murad, et al.; Mitochondrion 13, 235 (2013), Application(s): Flow cytometry using fibroblasts, Abstract;
Oleuropein and oleacein may restore biological functions of endothelial progenitor cells impaired by angiotensin II via activation of Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway: A. Parzonko, et al.; Phytomedicine 20, 1088 (2013), Application(s): Measurement of total ROS/Superoxides in human PBMC using microplate reader, Abstract;
Reduction of connexin36 content by ICER-1 contributes to insulin-secreting cells apoptosis induced by oxidized LDL particles: J.A. Haefliger, et al.; PLoS One 8, e55198 (2013), Application(s): Measurement of total ROS/Superoxides in a rat insulinoma cell line using microplate reader, Abstract; Full Text
The Keap1/Nrf2 axis plays a role in osteoclast differentiation by regulating intracellular ROS signaling: H. Kanzaki, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 288, 23009 (2013), Application(s): Flow cytometry using mouse cells, Abstract; Full Text
Aberrant methylation of PSD disturbs Rac1-mediated immune responses governing neutrophil chemotaxis and apoptosis in ulcerative colitis-associated carcinogenesis: T. Kato, et al.; Int. J. Oncol. 40, 942 (2012), Application(s): Fluorescence microscopy using a human skin fibroblast cell line, Abstract; Full Text
Cytotoxic effects of Jay Amin hydroxamic acid (JAHA), a ferrocene-based class I histone deacetylase inhibitor, on triple-negative MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells: M. Librizzi, et al.; Chem. Res. Toxicol. 25, 2608 (2012), Abstract;
Global DNA methylation levels are modulated by mitochondrial DNA variants: D. Bellizzi, et al.; Epigenomics 4, 17 (2012), Abstract;
Manufacturing strategy for multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a biocompatible and innovative material: H. Haniu, et al.; Journal of Nanotechnology 2012, 1 (2012), Application(s): FC using human bronchial epithelial cells, Full Text
Metabolic remodeling precedes mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization in human glioma xenograft cells: S. Ponnala, et al.; Int. J. Oncol. 40, 509 (2012), Application(s): Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy using human glioma xenograft cells, Abstract; Full Text
Phenylalkyl isoselenocyanates vs phenylalkyl isothiocyanates: thiol reactivity and its implications: M.A. Crampsie, et al.; Chem. Biol. Interact. 200, 28 (2012), Application(s): Flow cytometry using A549 cells, Abstract;
Glucose and collagen regulate human platelet activity through aldose reductase induction of thromboxane: W.H. Tang, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 121, 4462 (2011), Abstract; Full Text
Activation of the p38 MAPK/Akt/ERK1/2 signal pathways is required for the protein stabilization of CDC6 and cyclin D1 in low-dose arsenite-induced cell proliferation: Y. Liu, et al.; J. Cell. Biochem. 111, 1546 (2010), Abstract;
