Product Details
| Alternative Name: | PAR-2 |
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| Host: | Rabbit |
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| Immunogen: | Synthetic peptide corresponding to aa 368-382 of rat PAR-2 (proteinase-activated receptor-2). |
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| UniProt ID: | Q63645 |
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| Species reactivity: | Human, Mouse, Rat
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| Applications: | ICC, WB
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| Formulation: | Lyophilized. In PBS, pH 7.4, containing 1% BSA and 0.05% sodium azide. |
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| Shipping: | Shipped on Blue Ice |
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| Long Term Storage: | -20°C |
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| Scientific Background: | PAR-2 belongs to a four member family of G protein-coupled receptors (PAR-1 to -4) that are activated as a result of proteolytic cleavage by certain serine proteases, hence their name. In this modality of activation, a specific proteinase cleaves the PAR receptor within a defined sequence in its extracellular N-terminal domain. This cleavage results in the creation of a new N-terminal sequence (tethered ligand), which subsequently binds to a site in the second extracellular loop of the same receptor. This binding results in the coupling of the receptor to G proteins and in the activation of several signal transduction pathways1-3 Different PARs are activated by different proteinases. Hence, PAR-1 is activated by thrombin as are PAR-3 and PAR-4, while PAR-2 is activated by trypsin1-3. PAR-2 can be also cleaved and activated by other proteinases such as tryptase, membrane-type serine protease 1, and proteinase 31-3 PAR-2-mediated intracellular signaling has not been clearly elucidated, but activators of PAR-2 induce generation of IP3 and mobilization of intracellular Ca2+. Activation of the ERK1/2 and NF-kB intracellular pathways following PAR-2 activation has been also described1-3 Tissue distribution of PAR-2 is wide with the highest expression levels found in pancreas, small intestine, liver and kidney. In addition, PAR-2 expression was observed in dorsal root ganglion neurons, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. The physiological role of PAR-2 is not yet clearly understood, however studies using PAR-2 knockout mice have suggested roles in the cardiovascular, pulmonary and gastrointestinal systems. Several studies suggest that PAR-2 plays a central role in inflammatory diseases and nociceptive pain transduction; hence PAR-2 blockers have been proposed to be useful in the therapeutic control of inflammation and pain1-3. |
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| Regulatory Status: | RUO - Research Use Only |
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Product Literature References
Presenilin1 promotes trypsin-induced neuroprotection via the PAR2/ERK signaling pathway. Effects of presenilin1 FAD mutations: A.M. Nikolakopoulou, et al.; Neurobiol. Aging
42, 41 (2016),
Application(s): Treatment with inhibitors and cell lysates,
Abstract;
