1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 is the active hormonal form of vitamin D. It inhibits proliferation and induces differentiation of a variety of cells including osteoclasts and HL-60 cells. It is a central regulator of bone and calcium homeostasis. It inhibits proliferation and induces differentiation of a variety of cells including osteoclasts, keratinocytes, HL-60 cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and bone marrow macrophage precursors. It can activate signal transduction pathways that include hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine and formation of diacylglycerol in chick myoblasts, and activation of Raf kinase in rat hepatic primary cells and 3T3 fibroblasts. It regulates c-myc proto-oncogene transcription, IL-8 expression, cyclooxygenase induction, and directly activates protein kinase C at physiological concentrations (EC50=16 nM). It up-regulates RANKL level and down-regulates OPG level.
Product Details
Alternative Name:
1α,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol, Calcitriol
Formula:
C27H44O3
MW:
416.6
Source:
Synthetic.
CAS:
32222-06-3
Purity:
≥95% (HPLC)
Identity:
Identity determined by MS and NMR.
Appearance:
White solid.
Solubility:
Soluble in acetone, chloroform, DMSO, 100% ethanol, ethyl acetate, or tetrahydrofuran. Evaporative loss of solvent may occur during storage and handling of the dissolved product. If necessary, exact concentration may be re-determined spectrophotometrically.
Shipping:
Dry Ice
Long Term Storage:
-80°C
Handling:
Protect from light. For maximum stability, store solid in the dark under an inert gas such as argon. Store dissolved product in the dark in a tightly sealed container.
Regulatory Status:
RUO - Research Use Only
Please mouse over
Product Literature References
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses CD4+ T-cell effector functionality by inhibition of glycolysis: E.L. Bishop et al.; Immunology 166, 299 (2022), Abstract;
1α,25(OH)2D3 reverses exhaustion and enhances antitumor immunity of human cytotoxic T cells: P. Li, et al.; J. Immunother. Cancer 10, e003477 (2022), Abstract; Full Text
Asprosin exerts pro-inflammatory effects in THP-1 macrophages mediated via the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway: K. Shabir, et al.; Int. J. Mol. Sci. 24, 227 (2022), Abstract; Full Text
Assessing the inflammatory response to in vitro polymicrobial wound biofilms in a skin epidermis model: J.L. Brown, et al.; NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 8, 19 (2022), Abstract;
Autocrine vitamin D signaling switches off pro-inflammatory programs of TH1 cells: D. Chauss, et al.; Nat. Immunol. 23, 62 (2022), Abstract;
CRISPR Interference Reveals That All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Promotes Macrophage Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Limiting Bacterial Access to Cholesterol and Propionyl Coenzyme A: G. H. Babunovic, et al.; Mbio 13, e0368321 (2022), Abstract;
Development of a rapid in vitro pre-screen for distinguishing effective liposome-adjuvant delivery systems: L.A.J. Feather, et al.; Sci. Rep. 12, 12448 (2022), Abstract;
Molecular mechanisms of bifunctional vitamin D receptor agonist-histone deacetylase inhibitor hybrid molecules in triple-negative breast cancer: C. Barbier, et al.; Sci. Rep. 12, 6745 (2022), Abstract; Full Text
Effects of 1,25 and 24,25 vitamin D on corneal fibroblast VDR and vitamin D metabolizing and catabolizing enzymes: X. Lu, et al.; Curr. Eye Res. 46, 1271 (2021), Abstract; Full Text
Genomic and epigenomic active vitamin D responses in human colonic organoids: J. Li, et al.; Physiol. Genomics 53, 235 (2021), Abstract; Full Text
Impaired Vitamin D Signaling in T Cells From a Family With Hereditary Vitamin D Resistant Rickets: F.A.H. Al-Jaberi, et al.; Front. Immunol. 12, 684015 (2021), Abstract; Full Text
Tolerogenic effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D on dendritic cells involve induction of fatty acid synthesis: A. M. Garcia, et al.; J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 211, 105891 (2021), Abstract;
Vitamin D Inhibits IL-22 Production Through a Repressive Vitamin D Response Element in the il22 Promoter: D. V. Lopez, et al.; Front. Immunol. 12, 715059 (2021), Abstract;
Vitamin D-regulated gene expression profiles: species-specificity and cell-specific effects on metabolism and immunity: V. Dimitrov, et al.; Endocrinology 162, bqaa218 (2021), Abstract; Full Text
Vitamin D promotes trophoblast cell induced separation of vascular smooth muscle cells in vascular remodeling via induction of G-CSF: J.Y. Zhang, et al.; Front Cell Dev Biol 8, 601043 (2020), Abstract; Full Text
The tumor suppressor FBW7 and the vitamin D receptor are mutual cofactors in protein turnover and transcriptional regulation: R. Salehi-Tabar, et al.; Mol. Cancer Res. 17, 709 (2019), Abstract; Full Text
IL-36/LXR axis modulates cholesterol metabolism and immune defense to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: F. Ahsan, et al.; Sci. Rep. 8, 1520 (2018), Abstract; Full Text
Concerted effects of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C1/C2 to control vitamin D-directed gene transcription and RNA splicing in human bone cells: R. Zhou, et al.; Nucleic Acids Res. 45, 606 (2017), Application(s): Cell culture for analysis of 25OHD metabolism by MG63 cells, Abstract; Full Text
Role of Vitamin D in Maintaining Renal Epithelial Barrier Function in Uremic Conditions: M. Mihajlovic, et al.; Int. J. Mol. Sci. 18, 2531 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
Vitamin D Counteracts Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Induced Cathelicidin Downregulation in Dendritic Cells and Allows Th1 Differentiation and IFNγ Secretion: A.K.O. Rode, et al.; Front. Immunol. 8, 656 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
Vitamin D-metabolic enzymes and related molecules: Expression at the maternal-conceptus interface and the role of vitamin D in endometrial gene expression in pigs: H. Jang, et al.; PLoS One 12, e0187221 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
Characterization of osteoarthritic human knees indicates potential sex differences: Q. Pan, et al. ; Biol. Sex Differ. 7, 27 (2016), Application(s): Cell culture, Abstract; Full Text
Eldecalcitol (ED-71), an Analog of 1α, 25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 as a Potential Anti-cancer Agent for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas : T. Shintani, et al. ; J. Steroid Biochem Mol. Biol. 164, 79 (2016), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract;
Potential mechanisms underlying ectodermal differentiation of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells: S. Jadalannagari, et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 478, 831 (2016), Application(s): MSC seeding onto scaffolds, Abstract;
Species-specific regulation of innate immunity by vitamin D signaling: V. Dimitrov & J.H. White; J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 164, 246 (2016), Abstract;
Excess 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 exacerbates tubulointerstitial injury in mice by modulating macrophage phenotype: Y. Kusunoki, et al.; Kidney Int. 88, 1013 (2015), Application(s): Subcutaneous injection into mouse, Abstract;
Regulation of Osteoblast Differentiation by Acid-Etched and/or Grit-Blasted Titanium Substrate Topography Is Enhanced by 1,25(OH)2D3 in a Sex-Dependent Manner: R. Olivares-Navarrete, et al.; BioMed Res. Int. 2015, Article ID 365014 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract; Full Text
New insights on membrane mediated effects of 1α,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 signaling in the musculoskeletal system: M. Doroudi, et al.; Steroids 81, 81 (2014), Application(s): Cell culture, Abstract;
Vitamin D up-regulates the vitamin D receptor by protecting it from proteasomal degradation in human CD4+ T cells: M. Kongsbak, et al.; PLoS One 9, e96695 (2014), Abstract;
Vitamin D-binding protein controls T cell responses to vitamin D: M. Kongsbak, et al.; BMC Immunol. 15, 35 (2014), Abstract; Full Text
Ceramides stimulate caspase-14 expression in human keratinocytes: Y.J. Jiang, et al.; Exp. Dermatol. 22, 113 (2013), Abstract;
Expression and regulation of GPAT isoforms in cultured human keratinocytes and rodent epidermis: L. Biao, et al.; J. Lipid Res. 51, 3207 (2010), Abstract; Full Text
Direct activation of protein kinase C by 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: S.J. Slater et al; J. Biol. Chem. 270, 6639 (1995), Abstract;
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and rat vascular smooth muscle cell growth: E.P.M. Carthy et al.; Hypertension 13, 954 (1989), Abstract;
Self-induction of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 metabolism limits receptor occupancy and target tissue responsiveness: T.A. Reinhardt & R.L. Horst; J. Biol. Chem. 264, 15917 (1989), Abstract;
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 modulates bone marrow macrophage precursor proliferation and differentiation. Up-regulation of the mannose receptor: D.R. Clohisy et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 262, 15922 (1987), Abstract;
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced differentiation in a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60): receptor-mediated maturation to macrophage-like cells: D.J. Mangelsdorf et al; J. Cell. Biol. 98, 391 (1984), Abstract;
1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol: a potent stimulator of bone resorption in tissue culture: L.G. Raisz et al.; Science 175, 768 (1972), Abstract;
A rapidly acting metabolite of vitamin D3: M.R. Haussler et al.; PNAS 68, 177 (1971), Abstract;
