LPS from Salmonella typhimurium S-form (TLRGRADE^®) (Ready-to-Use)

TLR4 activator



ALX-581-011-L001	1 ml	194.00 USD

ALX-581-011-L002	2 ml	302.00 USD
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Replaces Prod. #: ALX-581-004

Product Details

Alternative Name:	Lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella typhimurium S-form

Source:	Smooth (S)-form LPS, isolated and purified from Salmonella typhimurium by modification of the phenol water extraction and PCP method, converted to the uniform salt form and dissolved in sterile pyrogen-free double distilled water.

Concentration:	1mg/ml

Formulation:	Liquid. Sterile, ready-to-use solution in pyrogen-free double distilled water.

Purity:	Absence of detectable protein or DNA contaminants with agonistic TLR activity.

Activity:	Specific activator of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4. Does not activate TLR2 or other TLRs as determined with splenocytes and macrophages from TLR4 deficient mice. Smooth (S)-form LPS are commonly the preferred choice for whole animal studies, whereas Rough (R)-form LPS are primarily used in cellular in vitro activation studies.

Shipping:	Ambient

Long Term Storage:	+4°C

Use/Stability:	Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at +4°C.

Handling:	Do not ingest. Wear gloves and mask when handling this product! Avoid contact through all modes of exposure. LPS compounds are highly pyrogenic. Avoid accidental injection; extreme care should be taken when handling in conjunction with hypodermic syringes. Use must be restricted to qualified personnel.

Regulatory Status:	RUO - Research Use Only

LPS from E. coli, Serotype O55:B5 (TLRGRADE) (Ready-to-Use) image

Figure: TLR4-dependent proliferation of mouse splenocytesMethod: 4x10⁵ mouse spleen cells were incubated in 0.2ml per well with 10µg/ml LPS or with medium only. Proliferation was determined in triplicates by ³H-thymidine incorporation.

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Product Literature References

Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Is Independent of De Novo Gene Expression: G. Sollberger, et al.; PLoS One 11, e0157454 (2016), Application(s): Isolation and stimulation of human neutrophils, Abstract; Full Text

Design of glycoconjugate vaccines against invasive African Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium: S. Rondini, et al.; Infect. Immun. 83, 996 (2015), Abstract; Full Text

MyD88 signaling in nonhematopoietic cells protects mice against induced colitis by regulating specific EGF receptor ligands: K. Brandl, et al.; PNAS USA 107, 19967 (2010), Abstract; Full Text

CD14 regulates the dendritic cell life cycle after LPS exposure through NFAT activation: I. Zanoni, et al.; Nature 460, 264 (2009), Abstract; Full Text

The porin OmpD from nontyphoidal Salmonella is a key target for a protective B1b cell antibody response: C. Gil-Cruz, et al.; PNAS U.S.A. 106, 9803 (2009), Abstract; Full Text

R-form LPS, the master key to the activation ofTLR4/MD-2-positive cells: M. Huber, et al.; Eur. J. Immunol. 36, 701 (2006), Abstract;

CD14 is required for MyD88-independent LPS signaling: Z. Jiang, et al.; Nat. Immunol. 6, 565 (2005), Abstract;

Isolation and purification of R-form lipopolysaccharides: C. Galanos & O. Lüderitz; Methods in Carbohydrate Chemistry 9, 11 (1993), Abstract;

Electrodialysis of lipopolysaccharides and their conversion to uniform salt forms: C. Galanos & O. Lüderitz; Eur. J. Biochem. 54, 603 (1975), Abstract;

A new method for the extraction of R lipopolysaccharides: C. Galanos, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 9, 245 (1969), Abstract;