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Z-VAD-FMK

Pan-Caspase Inhibitor. Z-VAD-FMK acts as an effective irreversible caspase inhibitor with no cytotoxic effects and, therefore, is a useful tool for studying caspase activity.
 
ALX-260-020-M001 1 mg 184.00 USD
 
ALX-260-020-M005 5 mg 643.00 USD
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  • Irreversible inhibitor
  • Cell-permeable
  • High purity peptide
  • Non-cytotoxic
Irreversible, cell permeable broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor.

Product Details

Alternative Name:Caspase family inhibitor (fluoromethylketone), Z-Val-Ala-DL-Asp-FMK
 
Sequence:Z-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone
 
Formula:C21H28FN3O7
 
MW:453.5
 
CAS:220644-02-0
 
Peptide Content:77-97%
 
Purity:≥95% (HPLC)
 
Appearance:Solid
 
Application Notes:Can be used as a broad spectrum caspase inhibitor in conjunction with apoptosis detection assays.
 
Solubility:Soluble in DMSO or acetonitrile (10mg/ml).
 
Shipping:Ambient Temperature
 
Long Term Storage:-20°C
 
Use/Stability:Keep sealed after removing from the freezer until its temperature equilibrates with room temperature. Dissolve only the amount needed at one time because of the possibility of decomposition in solution.
 
Handling:After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.
 
Protocol:Prepare a 10mM stock solution of the caspase inhibitor in high quality DMSO. Add 2µl of this stock solution to 1ml of culture medium containing cells to give 20µM final concentration. Effective final concentrations are estimated to be 5-20µM. If a particular caspase inhibitor is applied at higher concentrations specificity for an individual caspase or even for the caspase family (> 100µM) might be compromised. DMSO concentration above 0.2% may cause cellular toxicity thus masking the effect of the caspase inhibitor. For in vivo experiments extending for 12 to 48 hours, fresh inhibitor may have to be added (injected) due to inactivation by reaction with cysteine protease.
 
Regulatory Status:RUO - Research Use Only
 
ALX-260-020 structure
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ALX-260-020 structure

Product Literature References

14-3-3 proteins regulate cullin 7-mediated Eag1 degradation: C.H. Hsieh, et al.; Cell Biosci. 13, 18 (2023), Abstract;
Inflammasome-independent NLRP3 function enforces ATM activity in response to genotoxic stress: M.B. Wachte, et al.; Life Sci. Alliance 6, e202201494 (2023), Abstract;
LAMP3 transfer via extracellular particles induces apoptosis in Sjögren’s disease: T. Tanaka, et al.; Sci. Rep. 13, 2595 (2023), Abstract;
Monocarbonyl Analogs of Curcumin with Potential to Treat Colorectal Cancer: M. Clariano, et al.; Chem. Biodivers. 20, 202300222 (2023), Abstract;
Solanum nigrum Fruit Extract Modulates Immune System Activity of Mealworm Beetle, Tenebrio molitor L: A. Urbański, et al.; Toxins 15, 68 (2023), Abstract;
Targeting oxeiptosis-mediated tumor suppression: a novel approach to treat colorectal cancers by sanguinarine: S. Pallichankandy, et al.; Cell Death Discov. 9, 94 (2023), Abstract;
A non-canonical vitamin K cycle is a potent ferroptosis suppressor: E. Mishima, et al.; Nature 608, 778 (2022), Abstract;
Apoptosis as Driver of Therapy-Induced Cancer Repopulation and Acquired Cell-Resistance (CRAC): A Simple In Vitro Model of Phoenix Rising in Prostate Cancer: F. Corsi, et al.; Int. J. Mol. Sci. 23, 1152 (2022), Abstract;
Autophagy promotes cell survival by maintaining NAD levels: T. Kataura, et al.; Dev. Cell 57, 2584 (2022), Abstract;
Autophagy-competent mitochondrial translation elongation factor TUFM inhibits caspase-8-mediated apoptosis: C.Y. Choi, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 29, 451 (2022), Abstract;
Blockade of caspase cascade overcomes malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome in mice: M.K. Sercundes, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 13, 144 (2022), Abstract;
Caspase cleavage and nuclear retention of the energy sensor AMPK-α1 during apoptosis: A.R. Cheratta, et al.; Cell Rep. 39, 110761 (2022), Abstract;
Caspase cleavage and nuclear retention of the energy sensor AMPK-a1 during apoptosis: A.R. Cheratta, et al.; Cell Rep. 39, 110761 (2022), Abstract;
Dasatinib and interferon alpha synergistically induce pyroptosis-like cell death in philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Y. Dai, et al.; Am. J. Cancer Res. 12, 2817 (2022), Abstract;
Exosomal p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Promotes Tumour Repopulation in TP53-mutated Bile Duct Cancer Cells: M. Osawa, et al.; Anticancer Res. 42, 745 (2022), Abstract;
Hepatocyte Bcl-3 protects from death-receptor mediated apoptosis and subsequent acute liver failure: N. Gehrke, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 13, 510 (2022), Abstract;
Induction of Breast Cancer Cell Apoptosis by TRAIL and Smac Mimetics: Involvement of RIP1 and cFLIP: C. Holmgren, et al.; Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 44, 4803 (2022), Abstract;
MDM2 binds and ubiquitinates PARP1 to enhance DNA replication fork progression: C. Giansanti, et al.; Cell Rep. 39, 110879 (2022), Abstract;
Protection of Quiescence and Longevity of IgG Memory B Cells by Mitochondrial Autophagy: S. Kodali, et al.; J. Immunol. 208, 1085 (2022), Abstract;
Rapid Release of Interleukin-1β from Human Platelets Is Independent of NLRP3 and Caspase: G.J. Pennings, et al.; Thromb. Haemost. 122, 517 (2022), Abstract;
The combination of TRAIL and the Smac mimetic LCL-161 induces an irreversible phenotypic change of MCF-7 breast cancer cells: V. Granqvist, et al.; Exp. Mol. Pathol. 125, 104739 (2022), Abstract;
The Impact of RIPK1 Kinase Inhibition on Atherogenesis: A Genetic and a Pharmacological Approach: P. Puylaert, et al.; Biomedicines 10, 1016 (2022), Abstract;
Anti-tumor effects of an ID antagonist with no observed acquired resistance: P.M. Wojnarowicz, et al.; NPJ Breast Cancer 7, 41523 (2021), Abstract;
Betulin, a Newly Characterized Compound in Acacia auriculiformis Bark, Is a Multi-Target Protein Kinase Inhibitor: A.A. Ahmadu, et al.; Molecules 26, 4599 (2021), Abstract;
Caspase-9 Activation of Procaspase-3 but Not Procaspase-6 Is Based on the Local Context of Cleavage Site Motifs and on Sequence: I.V. Soni & J.A. Hardy; Biochemistry 60, 2824 (2021), Abstract;
Chaperon-mediated autophagy can regulate diquat-induced apoptosis by inhibiting α-synuclein accumulation cooperatively with macroautophagy: H.J. Kim & H.C. Koh; Food Chem. Toxicol. 158, 112706 (2021), Abstract;
Elesclomol-induced increase of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species impairs glioblastoma stem-like cell survival and tumor growth: M. Buccarelli, et al.; J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 40, 228 (2021), Abstract;
Induction of interferon-β and interferon signaling by TRAIL and Smac mimetics via caspase-8 in breast cancer cells: V. Granqvist, et al.; PLoS One 16, 248175. (2021), Abstract; Full Text
Potential IFNγ Modulation of Inflammasome Pathway in Chlamydia trachomatis Infected Synovial Cells: S. Filardo, et al.; Life (Basel) 11, 1359 (2021), Abstract;
Protective role of cytoplasmic p21Cip1/Waf1 in apoptosis of CDK4/6 inhibitor-induced senescence in breast cancer cells: I.D. Kartika, et al.; Cancer Med. 10, 8988 (2021), Abstract;
Quantitative differences between cyclin-dependent kinases underlie the unique functions of CDK1 in human cells: H.W. Lau, et al.; Cell Rep. 37, 109808 (2021), Abstract;
A novel neurodegenerative spectrum disorder in patients with MLKL deficiency: S.L. Faergeman, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 11, 303 (2020), Abstract; Full Text
Bacterial type III effector protein HopQ inhibits melanoma motility through autophagic degradation of vimentin: S.H. Park, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 11, 231 (2020), Abstract; Full Text
CSF1R signaling is a regulator of pathogenesis in progressive MS: N. Hagan, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 11, 904 (2020), Abstract; Full Text
Docosahexaenoic Acid Protection Against Palmitic Acid-Induced Lipotoxicity in NGF Differentiated PC12 Cells Involves Enhancement of Autophagy and Inhibition of Apoptosis and Necroptosis: M.L. Montero, et al.; J. Neurochem. 155, 559 (2020), Abstract; Full Text
Docosahexaenoic acid protection against palmitic acid‐induced lipotoxicity in NGF‐differentiated PC12 cells involves enhancement of autophagy and inhibition of apoptosis and necroptosis: M.L. Montero, et al.; J. Neurochem. 155, 559 (2020), Abstract; Full Text
Inhibitory role of TRIP-Br1/XIAP in necroptosis under nutrient/serum starvation: Z. Sandag, et al.; Mol. Cells 43, 236 (2020), Abstract; Full Text
Molecular bases for HOIPINs-mediated inhibition of LUBAC and innate immune responses: D. Oikawa, et al.; Commun. Biol. 3, 163 (2020), Abstract; Full Text
The transcription elongation factor TCEA3 induces apoptosis in rhabdomyosarcoma: N. Kazim, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 11, 67 (2020), Abstract; Full Text
Advanced age protects resistance arteries of mouse skeletal muscle from oxidative stress through attenuating apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide: C.E. Norton, et al.; J. Physiol. 597, 3801 (2019), Abstract;
Chemical proteasome inhibition as a novel animal model of inner retinal degeneration in rats: M. Kageyama, et al.; PLoS One 14, e0217945 (2019), Abstract; Full Text
CIB1 depletion with docetaxel or TRAIL enhances triple-negative breast cancer cell death: A. H. Chung, et al.; Cancer Cell Int. 19, 26 (2019), Application(s): used w/ human triple-negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-436), MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-231 + huamn normal breast epithelial cell line (mE16C), Abstract; Full Text
Epigenetic Regulation of RIP3 Suppresses Necroptosis and Increases Resistance to Chemotherapy in NonSmall Cell Lung Cancer: Q. Wang, et al.; Transl. Oncol. 13, 372 (2019), Abstract; Full Text
Gallic Acid Triggers Iron-Dependent Cell Death with Apoptotic, Ferroptotic, and Necroptotic Features: H.M. Tang & P.C.K. Cheung; Toxins 11, 492 (2019), Abstract;
Kinase-Based Screening of Marine Natural Extracts Leads to the Identification of a Cytotoxic High Molecular Weight Metabolite from the Mediterranean Sponge Crambe tailliezi: T.N. Nguyen, et al.; Mar. Drugs 17, 569 (2019), Abstract; Full Text
Loss of Microglial Parkin Inhibits Necroptosis and Contributes to Neuroinflammation: P.E.A. Dionisio, et al.; Mol. Neurobiol. 56, 2990 (2019), Abstract;
Targeting the lysosome by an aminomethylated Riccardin D triggers DNA damage through cathepsin B‐mediated degradation of BRCA1: Y. Wang, et al.; J. Cell. Mol. Med. 23, 1798 (2019), Abstract; Full Text
Autophagy Induced by Naftopidil Inhibits Apoptosis of Human Gastric Cancer Cells: A. Nakamura, et al.; Anticancer Res. 38, 803 (2018), Abstract;
Cylindromatosis mediates neuronal cell death in vitro and in vivo: G.K. Ganjam, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 25, 1394 (2018), Abstract; Full Text
Gasdermin D plays a vital role in the generation of neutrophil extracellular traps: G. Sollberger, et al.; Sci. Immunol. 3, eaar6689 (2018), Abstract;
Heme oxygenase-1 mediates BAY 11-7085 induced ferroptosis: L.C. Chang, et al.; Cancer Lett. 416, 124 (2018), Abstract;
Intracellular Desmoglein-2 cleavage sensitizes epithelial cells to apoptosis in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines: M. Yulis, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 9, 389 (2018), Abstract; Full Text
PARP-1 inhibitors sensitize HNSCC cells to APR-246 by inactivation of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) and promotion of ROS accumulation: Z.X. Yin, et al.; Oncotarget 9, 1885 (2018), Abstract; Full Text
Proteasome inhibition blocks necroptosis by attenuating death complex aggregation: M. Ali, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 9, 346 (2018), Abstract; Full Text
Species-independent contribution of ZBP1/DAI/DLM-1-triggered necroptosis in host defense against HSV1: H. Guo, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 9, 816 (2018), Abstract; Full Text
The sirtuin 1/2 inhibitor tenovin-1 induces a nonlinear apoptosis-inducing factor-dependent cell death in a p53 null Ewing's sarcoma cell line: C. Marx, et al.; Invest. New Drugs 36, 396 (2018), Abstract;
The thiosemicarbazone Me2NNMe2 induces paraptosis by disrupting the ER thiol redox homeostasis based on protein disulfide isomerase inhibition: S. Hager, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 9, 1052 (2018), Abstract; Full Text
To Be Or Not to Be: the "Smoker's Paradox" - An in-Vitro Study: F. Wittmann, et al.; Cell. Physiol. Biochem. 48, 1638 (2018), Abstract; Full Text
A trans-platinum(II) complex induces apoptosis in cancer stem cells of breast cancer: N. Aztopal, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. 25, 269 (2017), Application(s): Cell treatment for the ATP viability assay, Abstract;
Fangchinoline Induces Apoptosis, Autophagy and Energetic Impairment in Bladder Cancer: B. Fan, et al.; Cell. Physiol. Biochem. 43, 1003 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
Flow control effect of necrostatin-1 on cell death of the NRK-52E renal tubular epithelial cell line: J. Luo, et al.; Mol. Med. Rep. 16, 57 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
Innovative substance 2250 as a highly promising anti-neoplastic agent in malignant pancreatic carcinoma - in vitro and in vivo: M. Buchholz, et al.; BMC Cancer 17, 216 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
PEPD is a pivotal regulator of p53 tumor suppressor: L. Yang, et al.; Nat. Commun. 8, 2052 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
Strong antitumor synergy between DNA crosslinking and HSP90 inhibition causes massive premitotic DNA fragmentation in ovarian cancer cells: D. Kramer, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 24, 300 (2017), Abstract;
TRAIL-induces apoptosis but not necroptosis in colorectal and pancreatic cancer cells preferentially via the TRAIL-R2/DR5 receptor: Z. Nahacka, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1865, 522 (2017), Application(s): Induction of TRAIL-mediated necroptosis on HT-29 cancer cells, Abstract;
Ammonium accumulation is a primary effect of 2-methylcitrate exposure in an in vitro model for brain damage in methylmalonic aciduria: H.P. Cudré-Cung, et al.; Mol. Genet. Metab. 119, 57 (2016), Application(s): Cell culture, blocking apoptosis, Abstract;
Caspase-3 Deletion Promotes Necrosis in Atherosclerotic Plaques of ApoE Knockout Mice: M.O. Grootaert, et al.; Oxid. Med. Cell Longev. 2016, 3087 (2016), Application(s): Cell culture, mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, Abstract; Full Text
Dasatinib promotes paclitaxel-induced necroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma with phosphorylated caspase-8 by c-Src: Y. Diao, et al.; Cancer Lett. 379, 12 (2016), Application(s): Cell culture, Abstract;
Increased apoptosis and browning of TAK1-deficient adipocytes protects against obesity: A. Sassmann-Schweda, et al.; JCI Insight 1, e81175 (2016), Application(s): Blocked increased caspase-3 activity, Abstract; Full Text
MASTL(Greatwall) regulates DNA damage responses by coordinating mitotic entry after checkpoint recovery and APC/C activation: P.Y. Wong, et al.; Sci. Rep. 6, 22230 (2016), Application(s): Cell culture, Abstract; Full Text
Mechanism of neem limonoids-induced cell death in cancer: Role of oxidative phosphorylation: N. Yadav, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 90, 261 (2016), Application(s): Quantification of apoptosis and caspase activity measurement, Abstract;
Organ specific alteration in caspase expression and STK3 proteolysis during the aging process: M. Lessard-Beaudoin, et al.; Neurobiol. Aging 47, 50 (2016), Application(s): Western blot analysis, Abstract; Full Text
PKC activation sensitizes basal-like breast cancer cell lines to Smac mimetics: L. Cornmark, et al.; Cell Death Discov. 2, 16002 (2016), Application(s): Cell culture, Abstract; Full Text
Pyrrocidine A, a metabolite of endophytic fungi, has a potent apoptosis-inducing activity against HL60 cells through caspase activation via the Michael addition: S. Uesugi, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 69, 113 (2016), Application(s): DNA gel electrophoresis, Abstract; Full Text
Ritonavir Interacts With Belinostat to Cause Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Histone Acetylation in Renal Cancer Cells: M. Isono, et al.; Oncol. Res. 24, 327 (2016), Application(s): Flow cytometry, Human renal cancer cells, Abstract; Full Text
The cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein (CAS) promotes TRAIL-induced apoptosis and cell proliferation: P. Monian & X. Jiang; J. Biol. Chem. 291, 2379 (2016), Application(s): Western blot, Abstract; Full Text
The de-ubiquitylating enzyme DUBA is essential for spermatogenesis in Drosophila: L. Koerver, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 23, 2019 (2016), Application(s): DEVDase assay from testes lysate, Abstract;
The double benefit of Spalax p53: surviving underground hypoxia while defying lung cancer cells in vitro via autophagy and caspase-dependent cell death: M. Ellis, et al.; Oncotarget 7, 63242 (2016), Abstract; Full Text
Bile acid-induced necrosis in primary human hepatocytes and in patients with obstructive cholestasis: B. L. Woolbright, et al.; Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 283, 168 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract;
Cellular responses to a prolonged delay in mitosis are determined by a DNA damage response controlled by Bcl-2 family proteins: D.J. Colin, et al.; Open Biol. 5, 140156 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract; Full Text
Characterization of Morphological and Cellular Events Underlying Oral Regeneration in the Sea Anemone, Nematostella vectensis: A.R. Amiel, et al.; Int. J. Mol. Sci. 16, 289449 (2015), Application(s): Blocked transcription, Abstract; Full Text
Cytochrome c oxidase deficiency accelerates mitochondrial apoptosis by activating ceramide synthase 6: S. Schüll, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 6, e1691 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract; Full Text
Differential roles of RIPK1 and RIPK3 in TNF-induced necroptosis and chemotherapeutic agent-induced cell death: K. Moriwaki, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 6, e1636 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract; Full Text
Fibril growth and seeding capacity play key roles in α-synuclein-mediated apoptotic cell death: A.L. Mahul-Mellier, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 22, 2107 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract;
Guggulsterone inhibits human cholangiocarcinoma Sk-ChA-1 and Mz-ChA-1 cell growth by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis and downregulation of survivin and Bcl-2 expression: F. Zhong, et al.; Oncol. Lett. 10, 1416 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract; Full Text
Involvement of JNK and Caspase Activation in Hoiamide A-Induced Neurotoxicity in Neocortical Neurons: Z. Cao, et al.; Mar. Drugs 13, 903 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract; Full Text
Modulation of P2X4/P2X7/Pannexin-1 sensitivity to extracellular ATP via Ivermectin induces a non-apoptotic and inflammatory form of cancer cell death: D. Draganov, et al.; Sci. Rep. 5, 16222 (2015), Abstract; Full Text
The NLRP3 Inflammasome Is a Pathogen Sensor for Invasive Entamoeba histolytica via Activation of α5β1 Integrin at the Macrophage-Amebae Intercellular Junction: L. Mortimer, et al.; PLoS Pathog. 11, e1004887 (2015), Abstract; Full Text
The Tpl2 kinase regulates the COX-2/prostaglandin E2 axis in adipocytes in inflammatory conditions: F. Berthou, et al.; Mol. Endocrinol. 29, 1025 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract; Full Text
The Wnt target Peter Pan defines a novel p53-independent nucleolar stress response pathway: A.S. Pfister, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 290, 10905 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract; Full Text
USP30 deubiquitylates mitochondrial Parkin substrates and restricts apoptotic cell death: J.R. Liang, et al.; EMBO Rep. 16, 618 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract; Full Text
TLR4 Activation Under Lipotoxic Conditions Leads to Synergistic Macrophage Cell Death Through a TRIF-Dependent Pathway: J. D. Schilling et al.; J. Immunol. 190, 1285 (2013), Application(s): Inhibition of caspase in macrophages, Abstract; Full Text
Internalization and induction of antioxidant messages by microvesicles contribute to the antiapoptotic effects on human endothelial cells: R. Soleti, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 53, 2159 (2012), Application(s): HUVEC cell culture, Abstract;
Cytotoxicity of troglitazone through PPARγ-independent pathway and p38 MAPK pathway in renal cell carcinoma: M. Fujita, et al.; Cancer Lett. 312, 219 (2011), Abstract;
Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) induces apoptosis in lung cancer cell lines: N.N. Gangopadhyay, et al.; Cancer Invest. 29, 608 (2011), Abstract;
Type of cell death induced by various metal cations in cultured human gingival fibroblasts: R.G. Contreras, et al.; In Vivo 24, 513 (2010), Abstract;
Neuroprotection by a caspase inhibitor in acute bacterial meningitis: J.S. Braun, et al.; Nat. Med. 5, 298 (1999), Abstract;
An ICE-like protease is a common mediator of apoptosis induced by diverse stimuli in human monocytic THP.1 cells: H. Zhu, et al.; FEBS Lett. 374, 303 (1995), Abstract;

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