Metallothionein-1 containing zinc and cadmium ions. Suitable for biochemical studies. For cell culture studies, please use Prod. No. ALX-202-070.
Product Details
| Alternative Name: | MT-1, MT-I, MT-1A, Zn7-MT-1 |
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| MW: | 6145 (without Cd/Zn) |
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| Source: | Isolated from rabbit liver. |
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| UniProt ID: | P11957 (MT-1A) |
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| Formulation: | Lyophilized. |
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| Purity: | ≥95% (HPLC) |
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| Shipping: | Blue Ice |
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| Short Term Storage: | +4°C |
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| Long Term Storage: | -20°C |
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| Handling: | Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
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| Scientific Background: | MT-1 is an isoform of the ubiquitously occurring metalloproteins characterized by a high metal and cysteine sulphur content. It is composed of a single polypeptide chain of 61 amino acids, 20 of which are cysteine residues and none of which are aromatic amino acids or histidine. The MT-1 fraction contains additional MT isoforms, which differ only in amino acid residues other than Cys. They are similar in sequence and therefore also in charge. The 3D structure of the metal complex contains two separate domains, alpha and beta. The alpha-domain encloses four bivalent metal ions in the form of a Me4Cys11 cluster. The beta-domain contains an analogous Me3Cys9 cluster. Monovalent metal ions like Cu(I) can form a cluster as well, via thiolate bonds. Much of our understanding of the biological actions of MTs has arisen from the comparative analysis of the chemical and structural features. MT-1 is expressed in almost all tissues. It is a cytosolic protein, which is up-regulated in response to many factors, including metals, hormones, inflammation related stimuli (cytokines), and stressful reagents. It is suggested that it has multiple biological roles such as, regulatory role of Zn-metabolism (zinc-finger transcription factors), regulation of metal-exchange detoxification (marker for heavy metal intoxication), protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS), adaptation to stress, anti-apoptotic effects (activation of NF-κB/interaction with p50 subunit), and in protection against anticancer treatments. |
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| Regulatory Status: | RUO - Research Use Only |
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Product Literature References
Cadmium in the hyperaccumulating mushroom Thelephora penicillata: Intracellular speciation and isotopic composition: J. Borovička, et al.; Sci. Total Environ.
855, 159002 (2023),
Abstract;
The effects of mercury exposure on Amazonian fishes: An investigation of potential biomarkers: J.C.S. Vieira, et al.; Chemosphere
316, 137779 (2023),
Abstract;
Metal-binding biomolecules in the liver of northern pike (Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758): The first data for the family Esocidae: Z. Dragun, et al.; Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol.
257, 109327 (2022),
Abstract;
Efficient Protein Transfection by Swarms of Chemically Powered Plasmonic Virus-Sized Nanorobots: A. Ressnerova, et al.; ACS Nano
15, 12899 (2021),
Abstract;
Determination of metallothionein in Daphnia magna by modified square wave cathodic stripping voltammetry: W. Fan, et al.; Electrochem. Commun. 52, 17 (2015), Application(s): Double Pump-Probe Technique, Square Wave Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry, Silver-Saturation Method,
Low dietary levels of Al, Pb and Cd may affect the non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity in caged honey bees (Apis mellifera): M. Gauthier, et al.; Chemosphere
144, 848 (2015),
Application(s): Cell Culture,
Abstract;
Metallothionein, oxidative stress and trace metals in gills and liver of demersal and pelagic fish species from Kuwaits' marine area: M.U. Beg, et al.; Mar. Pollut. Bull.
100, 662 (2015),
Application(s): Cell culture,
Abstract;
Impact of overexpression of metallothionein-1 on cell cycle progression and zinc toxicity: P.J. Smith, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.
295, C1399 (2008),
Abstract;
Standard isolation procedure for metallothionein: M. Vasak; Meth. Enzymol.
205, 41 (1991),
Abstract;
General Literature References
Roles of the metallothionein family of proteins in the central nervous system: J. Hidalgo, et al.; Brain Res. Bull.
55, 133 (2001), (Review),
Abstract;
Nuclear localization of metallothionein during cell proliferation and differentiation: M.G. Cherian & M.D. Apostolova; Cell. Mol. Biol.
46, 347 (2000), (Review),
Abstract;
Primary structures of seven metallothioneins from rabbit tissue: P.E. Hunziker, et al.; Biochem. J.
306, 265 (1995),
Abstract;
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