(±)-Anatoxin is the synthetic version of (±)2-Acetyl-anatoxin, an alkaloidal toxin produced by the filamentous freshwater cyanophyte Anabaena flos-aquae. (±)-Anatoxin is a potent nicotinic agonist, stimulates dopamine release from rat striatal synaptosomes, and induces apoptosis in rat thymocytes and Vero cells following the generation of reactive oxygen species and the activation of caspases.
Product Details
Alternative Name:
(±)-Anatoxin A fumarate, (±)-2-Acetyl-9-aza bicyclo[4,2,1]non-2-ene fumarate
Formula:
C10H15NO . C4H4O4
MW:
281.3
Source:
Synthetic.
CAS:
1219922-30-1
Purity:
≥96% (HPLC)
Identity:
Identity determined by MS and 1H-NMR.
Appearance:
Light brown solid.
Solubility:
Soluble in water (14mg/ml).
Shipping:
Ambient Temperature
Long Term Storage:
-20°C
Use/Stability:
Store, as supplied, at -20°C for up to 1 year. Store solutions at -20°C for up to 1 month
Regulatory Status:
RUO - Research Use Only
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Product Literature References
Confirmation Using Triple Quadrupole and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry of a Fatal Canine Neurotoxicosis following Exposure to Anatoxins at an Inland Reservoir: A.D. Turner, et al.; Toxins 14, 804 (2022), Abstract;
Multiclass cyanotoxin analysis in reservoir waters: Tandem solid-phase extraction followed by zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: M.M. Aparicio-Muriana, et al.; Talanta 237, 122929 (2022), Abstract;
Are We Underestimating Benthic Cyanotoxins? Extensive Sampling Results from Spain: E. A. Cantoral Uriza, et al.; Toxins (Basel) 9, 385 (2017), Abstract; Full Text
Cyanotoxins at low doses induce apoptosis and inflammatory effects in murine brain cells: potential implications for neurodegenerative diseases: L. Takser, et al.; Toxicol. Rep. 3, 180 (2016), Application(s): Cell culture, Abstract;
(+)-Anatoxin-a is a potent agonist at neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: P. Thomas, et al.; J. Neurochem. 60, 2308 (1993), Abstract;
Activation and blockade of the acetylcholine receptor-ion channel by the agonists (+)-anatoxin-a, the N-methyl derivative and the enantiomer: P. Kofuji, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 252, 517 (1990), Abstract;
Molecular mechanisms of the potent and stereospecific nicotinic receptor agonist (+)-anatoxin-a: K. L. Swanson, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 29, 250 (1986), Abstract;
