The monoclonal antibody 10H is directed against poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR). PAR is synthesized after activation of the nuclear DNA repair enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP). PARP is selectively activated by DNA strand breaks to catalyze the addition of long branched chains of PAR to a variety of nuclear proteins, most notably PARP itself.The amount of PAR formed in living cells with DNA damage is commensurate with the extent of the damage. Under DNA damage conditions, PAR undergoes a rapid turnover, with a half-life in the range of minutes, as PAR is rapidly hydrolyzed and converted to free ADP-ribose by the enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)glycohydrolase (PARG). After massive DNA damage (e.g. γ-irradiation or oxidative stress) PAR is detectable in the first 10 minutes and disappears later on. In keratinocytes MAb 10H has been shown to detect UVB-induced apoptosis as early as 4 hour after irradiation, thus being superior to DNA laddering and the TUNEL assay.Due to the very large number of endonuclease-mediated DNA breaks in apoptosis, PARP becomes strongly activated during the so-called execution phase. In the case of DNA damage-induced apoptosis, this represents a "second round" of PAR synthesis. PAR synthesized during apoptosis appears to be remarkably stable. PAR immunofluorescence appears at least as early during apoptosis as does the specific cleavage of PARP by caspase-3. As shown by several groups, this PAR immunofluorescence correlates well with other markers of apoptosis. MAb to Poly(ADP-ribose) (10H) can be used in flow cytometry.A quantitative non-isotopic immuno-dot-blot method for the assessment of cellular poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation capacity using MAb to Poly(ADP-ribose) (10H) has been described.
Product Details
| Alternative Name: | PAR |
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| Clone: | 10H |
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| Host: | Mouse |
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| Isotype: | IgG3 |
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| Immunogen: | Purified poly(ADP-ribose). |
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| Species reactivity: | Human, Mouse, Rat
Drosophila
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| Specificity: | Recognizes poly(ADP-ribose) synthesized by a broad range of PARPs (poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases) like human, mouse, rat or Drosophila PARP enzyme. |
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| Applications: | Flow Cytometry, ICC, IHC (PS), WB
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| Recommended Dilutions/Conditions: | Immunocytochemistry (5-20µg/ml)
Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections; dilution buffer: 5% milk (non fat dried milk) in PBS to a final concentration of 5-20µg/ml)
Western Blot (incubate 2.5µg/ml in PBS, 0.05% Tween20, 5% milk (non fat dried milk))
Suggested dilutions/conditions may not be available for all applications.
Optimal conditions must be determined individually for each application. |
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| Purity Detail: | Protein A-affinity purified from supernatant. |
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| Formulation: | Liquid. In 50mM HEPES, pH 7.4, containing 100mM sodium chloride, 1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide. |
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| Handling: | Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
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| Shipping: | Blue Ice |
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| Long Term Storage: | -20°C |
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| Technical Info/Product Notes: | Cited samples:
For an overview on cited samples please click here. |
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| Regulatory Status: | RUO - Research Use Only |
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Figure 1: Detection of DNA damage.
Figure 2: Detection of apoptotic cells by immunocytochemistry.
Figure 3: HeLa irradiated cells with a microbeam laser. Picture courtesy of C.Spenlehauer & G. de Murcia (CNRS, Strasbourg)
Figure 4: Stimulation of PARP activity in permeabilized human PBMC by addition of NAD and activator oligonucleotide, and inhibitory effect of 3-aminobenzamide [21].
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Product Literature References
Astragaloside A Protects Against Photoreceptor Degeneration in Part Through Suppressing Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage-Induced Necroptosis and Inflammation in the Retina: M. Li, et al.; J. Inflamm. Res.
15, 2995 (2022),
Abstract;
Autophagy promotes cell survival by maintaining NAD levels: T. Kataura, et al.; Dev. Cell
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Abstract;
Ceramide induces macrophage migration inhibitory factor -mediated parthanatos in mouse neurons by increasing ROS levels: C. Fan, et al.; Neurosci Lett.
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Abstract;
A decrease in NAD+ contributes to the loss of osteoprogenitors and bone mass with aging: H. N. Kim, et al.; NPJ Aging Mech. Dis.
7, 41514 (2021),
Abstract;
Full Text
Decreased expression of the translation factor eIF3e induces senescence in breast cancer cells via suppression of PARP1 and activation of mTORC1: C. Morris, et al.; Oncotarget
12, 649 (2021),
Abstract;
Full Text
In vivo analysis of onset and progression of retinal degeneration in the Nr2e3 rd7/rd7 mouse model of enhanced S-cone sensitivity syndrome: G. Venturini, et al.; Sci. Rep.
11, 19032 (2021),
Abstract;
NAMPT-derived NAD+ fuels PARP1 to promote skin inflammation through parthanatos cell death: F.J. Martínez-Morcillo, et al.; PLoS Biol.
19, e3001455 (2021),
Abstract;
New Insights into the Significance of PARP-1 Activation: Flow Cytometric Detection of Poly(ADP-Ribose) as a Marker of Bovine Intramammary Infection: G.D. Matteis, et al.; Cells
10, 599 (2021),
Abstract;
PARylation prevents the proteasomal degradation of topoisomerase I DNA-protein crosslinks and induces their deubiquitylation: Y. Sun, et al.; Nat. Commun.
12, 5010 (2021),
Abstract;
The 89-kDa PARP1 cleavage fragment serves as a cytoplasmic PAR carrier to induce AIF-mediated apoptosis: M. Mashimo, et al.; J. Biol. Chem.
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Abstract;
Full Text
A novel CRISPR-engineered prostate cancer cell line defines the AR-V transcriptome and identifies PARP inhibitor sensitivities: E. Koundatidou, et al.; Nucleic Acids Res.
47, 5634 (2019),
Abstract;
Full Text
Astragaloside IV reduces neuronal apoptosis and parthanatos in ischemic injury by preserving mitochondrial hexokinase-II: Y. Li, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med.
131, 251 (2019),
Abstract;
CADM1 is a TWIST1-regulated suppressor of invasion and survival: E.J. Hartsough, et al.; Cell Death Dis.
10, 281 (2019),
Abstract;
Full Text
Doxorubicin-induced testicular damage is related to PARP-1 signaling molecules in mice: N.E. Gungor-Ordueri, et al.; Pharmacol. Rep.
71, 591 (2019),
Abstract;
PARP-1 inhibition provides protection against elastase-induced emphysema by mitigating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases: V. Dharwal, et al.; Mol. Cell. Biochem.
457, 41 (2019),
Abstract;
PARP1 inhibition alleviates injury in ARH3-deficient mice and human cells: M. Mashimo, et al.; JCI Insight
4, e124519 (2019),
Abstract;
Full Text
PML-like subnuclear bodies, containing XRCC1, juxtaposed to DNA replication-based single-strand breaks: M.M. Kordon, et al.; FASEB J.
33, 2301 (2019),
Abstract;
Poly(ADP-Ribose) Links the DNA Damage Response and Biomineralization: K.H. Muller, et al.; Cell Rep.
27, 3124 (2019),
Abstract;
Poly-ADP-ribose assisted protein localization resolves that DJ-1, but not LRRK2 or α-synuclein, is localized to the mitochondrial matrix: N. Osuagwu, et al.; PLoS One
14, e0219909 (2019),
Abstract;
Full Text
Risk-Associated Long Noncoding RNA FOXD3-AS1 Inhibits Neuroblastoma Progression by Repressing PARP1-Mediated Activation of CTCF: X. Zhao, et al.; Mol. Ther.
26, 755 (2019),
Abstract;
Structural and biochemical evidence supporting poly ADP-ribosylation in the bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans: C.C. Cho, et al.; Nat. Commun.
10, 1491 (2019),
Abstract;
Unanchored tri-NEDD8 inhibits PARP-1 to protect from oxidative stress-induced cell death: M.J. Keuss, et al.; EMBO J.
38, e100024 (2019),
Abstract;
Full Text
Olaparib-induced Adaptive Response Is Disrupted by FOXM1 Targeting that Enhances Sensitivity to PARP Inhibition: P. Fang, et al.; Mol. Cancer Res.
16, 961 (2018),
Abstract;
Radiosensitization with an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase: A comparison with the PARP1/2/3 inhibitor olaparib: P. Gravells, et al.; DNA Repair (Amst.)
61, 25 (2018),
Abstract;
The establishment of methods for free PAR generation and PAR reader detection: Y. Ke, et al.; Mol. Cell. Probes
39, 57 (2018),
Abstract;
BGP-15 Protects against Oxaliplatin-Induced Skeletal Myopathy and Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Mice: J.C. Sorensen, et al.; Front. Pharmacol.
8, 137 (2017),
Abstract;
Full Text
Early Passage Mesenchymal Stem Cells Display Decreased Radiosensitivity and Increased DNA Repair Activity: P.K. Wu, et al.; Stem. Cells Transl. Med.
6, 1504 (2017),
Abstract;
Full Text
HYDAMTIQ, a selective PARP-1 inhibitor, improves bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis by dampening the TGF-β/SMAD signalling pathway: L. Lucarini, et al.; J. Cell Mol. Med.
21, 324 (2017),
Application(s): Western blot analysis for PARylated protein content, lung tissue homogenates,
Abstract;
Full Text
Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 alters expression of mitochondria-related genes in PC12 cells: relevance to mitochondrial homeostasis in neurodegenerative disorders: G.A. Czapski, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1865, 281 (2017),
Abstract;
PARP1 promotes gene expression at the post-transcriptiona level by modulating the RNA-binding protein HuR: Y. Ke, et al.; Nat. Commun.
8, 14632 (2017),
Abstract;
Full Text
Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases inhibitors prevent early mitochondrial fragmentation and hepatocyte cell death induced by H2O2: S.M. Martin-Guerrero, et al.; PLoS One
12, e0187130 (2017),
Abstract;
Full Text
Preclinical study of a Kv11.1 potassium channel activator as antineoplastic approach for breast cancer: D.F. Fukushiro-Lopes, et al.; Oncotarget
9, 3321 (2017),
Abstract;
Full Text
cGMP-Phosphodiesterase Inhibition Prevents Hypoxia-Induced Cell Death Activation in Porcine Retinal Explants: L. Olivares-González, et al.; PLoS One
11, e016617 (2016),
Application(s): Immunofluorescence on porcine retinal explants,
Abstract;
Full Text
Efficacy of PARP inhibition in Pde6amutant mouse models for retinitis pigmentosa depends on the quality and composition of individual human mutations: K. Jiao, et al.; Cell Death Discov.
2, 16040 (2016),
Abstract;
Full Text
Interaction of hepatitis B virus X protein with PARP1 results in inhibition of DNA repair in hepatocellular carcinoma: T.Y. Na, et al.; Oncogene
35, 5435 (2016),
Abstract;
Olaparib significantly delays photoreceptor loss in a model for hereditary retinal degeneration: A. Sahaboglu, et al.; Sci. Rep.
6, 39537 (2016),
Abstract;
Full Text
The determination of apoptosis rates on articular cartilages of ovariectomized rats with and without alendronate treatment: N. Acar, et al.; Histol. Histopathol.
31, 635 (2016),
Abstract;
17-beta estradiol inhibits oxidative stress-induced accumulation of AIF into nucleolus and PARP1-dependent cell death via estrogen receptor alpha: E. Batnasan, et al.; Toxicol. Lett.
232, 1 (2015),
Application(s): Immunocytochemistry using human breast adenocarcinoma cells MCF7,
Abstract;
Full Text
Adalimumab Reduces Photoreceptor Cell Death in A Mouse Model of Retinal Degeneration: C. Martínez-Fernández de la Cámara, et al.; Sci. Rep.
5, 11764 (2015),
Application(s): Immunohistochemistry,
Abstract;
Full Text
Combinative effects of β-Lapachone and APO866 on pancreatic cancer cell death through reactive oxygen species production and PARP-1 activation: C.S. Breton, et al.; Biochimie
116, 141 (2015),
Application(s): Western Blot,
Abstract;
Interplay between histone acetylation/deacetylation and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in the development of ischemic tolerance in vitro: E. Gerace, et al.; Neuropharmacology
92, 125 (2015),
Application(s): Western Blotting,
Abstract;
Nuclear-translocated Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase Promotes Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 Activation during Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress in Stroke: H. Nakajima, et al.; J. Biol. Chem.
290, 14493 (2015),
Abstract;
Full Text
PARP is activated in human asthma and its inhibition by olaparib blocks house dust mite-induced disease in mice: M.A. Ghonim, et al.; Clin. Sci. (Lond).
129, 951 (2015),
Application(s): Immunoblot analysis,
Abstract;
Full Text
Two stages of XRCC1 recruitment and two classes of XRCC1 foci formed in response to low level DNA damage induced by visible light, or stress triggered by heat shock: K.J. Solarcyk, et al.; DNA Repair (Amst.)
37, 12 (2015),
Application(s): Immunofluorescence,
Abstract;
7-Azaindole-1-carboxamides as a new class of PARP-1 inhibitors: R. Cincinelli, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem.
22, 1089 (2014),
Application(s): Immunocytochemistry using human HeLa cervical carcinoma cells,
Abstract;
Erythropoietin Exerts a Neuroprotective Function Against Glutamate Neurotoxicity in Experimental Diabetic Retina: L. Gu, et al.; Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.
55, 8208 (2014),
Application(s): Immunohistochemistry using rat retina cryosections,
Abstract;
Full Text
A Genetic Screen Using the PiggyBac Transposon in Haploid Cells Identifies Parp1 as a Mediator of Olaparib Toxicity: S.J. Pettitt, et al.; PLoS One
8, e61520 (2013),
Abstract;
Full Text
Characterization of stress response in human retinal epithelial cells: V. Giansanti, et al.; J. Cell. Mol. Med.
17, 103 (2013),
Application(s): ICC on human adult retinal pigmented epithelial (ARPE-19) cells,
Abstract;
Full Text
Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 Participates in the Phase Entrainment of Circadian Clocks to Feeding: G. Asher, et al.; Cell
142, 943 (2010),
Application(s): WB using mouse liver nuclear extract,
Abstract;
Full Text
Aldosterone-induced endothelial dysfunction of rat aorta: role of poly(ADP-ribose) activation: A. Tasatargil, et al.; J. Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst.
10, 127 (2009),
Abstract;
Substrate-assisted catalysis by PARP10 limits its activity to mono-ADP-ribosylation: H. Kleine, et al.; Mol. Cell
32, 57 (2008),
Abstract;
Critical role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in degeneration of retinal capillaries in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes: L. Zheng, et al.; Diabetologia
50, 1987 (2007),
Abstract;
Flow-cytometric assessment of cellular poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation capacity in peripheral blood lymphocytes: A. Kunzmann, et al.; Immun. Ageing
3, 8 (2006),
Application(s): Flow Cytometry,
Abstract;
Nuclear poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 rapidly triggers mitochondrial dysfunction: G. Cipriani, et al.; J. Biol. Chem.
280, 17227 (2005),
Abstract;
Full Text
Activation and Caspase-mediated Inhibition of PARP: A Molecular Switch between Fibroblast Necrosis and Apoptosis in Death Receptor Signaling: M. Los, et al.; Mol. Biol. Cell.
13, 978 (2002),
Application(s): Detection of Apoptosis,
Abstract;
Full Text
Detection of poly(ADP-ribose) by immunocytochemistry: a sensitive new method for the early identification of UVB- and H2O2-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes: H. Chang, et al.; Biol. Chem.
383, 703 (2002),
Application(s): Detection of Apoptosis,
Abstract;
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage during apoptosis: when and where?: C. Soldani, et al.; Exp. Cell Res.
269, 193 (2001),
Application(s): Detection of Apoptosis,
Abstract;
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, genomic instability, and longevity: A. Bürkle; Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
908, 126 (2000),
Abstract;
Protection against hemorrhagic shock in mice genetically deficient in poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase: L. Liaudet, et al.; PNAS
97, 10203 (2000),
Application(s): Immunohistochemistry,
Abstract;
Full Text
4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide: a novel inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and radiation sensitizer: A. Schlicker, et al.; Int. J. Radiat. Biol.
75, 91 (1999),
Application(s): Detection of DNA-Damage,
Abstract;
Detection of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis in Drosophila testes upon gamma-irradiation: S. Lankenau, et al.; Chromosoma
108, 44 (1999),
Application(s): Detection of DNA-Damage,
Abstract;
Overexpression of dominant negative PARP interferes with tumor formation of HeLa cells in nude mice: evidence for increased tumor cell apoptosis in vivo: M.A. Hans, et al.; Oncogene
18, 7010 (1999),
Abstract;
Poly(ADP-ribose) immunostaining to detect apoptosis induced by a neurotoxic fragment of prion protein: A. Bürkle, et al.; Histochem. J.
31, 711 (1999),
Application(s): Detection of Apoptosis,
Abstract;
Quantitative nonisotopic immuno-dot-blot method for the assessment of cellular poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation capacity: R. Pfeiffer, et al.; Anal. Biochem.
275, 118 (1999),
Application(s): Immuno-Dot-Blot Detection,
Abstract;
Reactive oxygen species participate in mdr1b mRNA and P-glycoprotein overexpression in primary rat hepatocyte cultures: C. Ziemann, et al.; Carcinogenesis
20, 407 (1999),
Abstract;
Full Text
Selective loss of poly(ADP-ribose) and the 85-kDa fragment of poly(ADP- ribose) polymerase in nucleoli during alkylation-induced apoptosis of HeLa cells: R. Alvarez-Gonzalez, et al.; J. Biol. Chem.
274, 32122 (1999),
Application(s): Detection of Apoptosis,
Abstract;
Full Text
Multiparametric staining to identify apoptotic human cells: C. Negri, et al.; Exp. Cell Res.
234, 174 (1997),
Application(s): Detection of Apoptosis,
Abstract;
Poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis: a useful parameter for identifying apoptotic cells: M. Donzelli, et al.; Histochem. J.
29, 831 (1997),
Application(s): Detection of Apoptosis,
Abstract;
trans-dominant inhibition of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation sensitizes cells against g-irradiation and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine but does not limit DNA replication of a polyomavirus replicon: J.H. Küpper, et al.; Mol. Cell. Biol.
15, 3154 (1995),
Application(s): Detection of DNA-Damage,
Abstract;
Full Text
Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation by overexpressing the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase DNA-binding domain in mammalian cells: J.H. Kupper et al.; J. Biol. Chem.
265, 18721 (1990),
Abstract;
Rapid assay of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase: L. Menard & G.G. Poirier; Biochem. Cell Biol.
65, 668 (1987),
Abstract;
Monoclonal antibodies to poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) recognize different structures: H. Kawamitsu, et al.; Biochemistry
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Abstract;
General Literature References
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and aging: A. Bürkle; Exp. Gerontol.
33, 519 (1998),
Abstract;
Detection of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and its reaction product poly(ADP-ribose) by immunocytochemistry: J.H. Küpper, et al.; Histochem. J.
28, 391 (1996),
Abstract;
Inactivation of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase gene affects oxygen radical and nitric oxide toxicity in islet cells: B. Heller, et al.; J. Biol. Chem.
270, 11176 (1995),
Abstract;
Full Text
Increased poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in intact cells by cisplatin treatment: A. Bürkle, et al.; Carcinogenesis
14, 559 (1993),
Abstract;
