Replaces Prod. #: ALX-581-004
Product Details
| Alternative Name: | Lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella typhimurium S-form |
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| Source: | Smooth (S)-form LPS, isolated and purified from Salmonella typhimurium by modification of the phenol water extraction and PCP method, converted to the uniform salt form and dissolved in sterile pyrogen-free double distilled water. |
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| Concentration: | 1mg/ml |
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| Formulation: | Liquid. Sterile, ready-to-use solution in pyrogen-free double distilled water. |
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| Purity: | Absence of detectable protein or DNA contaminants with agonistic TLR activity. |
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| Activity: | Specific activator of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4. Does not activate TLR2 or other TLRs as determined with splenocytes and macrophages from TLR4 deficient mice. Smooth (S)-form LPS are commonly the preferred choice for whole animal studies, whereas Rough (R)-form LPS are primarily used in cellular in vitro activation studies. |
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| Shipping: | Ambient Temperature |
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| Long Term Storage: | +4°C |
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| Use/Stability: | Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at +4°C. |
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| Handling: | Do not ingest. Wear gloves and mask when handling this product! Avoid contact through all modes of exposure. LPS compounds are highly pyrogenic. Avoid accidental injection; extreme care should be taken when handling in conjunction with hypodermic syringes. Use must be restricted to qualified personnel. |
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| Regulatory Status: | RUO - Research Use Only |
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Figure: TLR4-dependent proliferation of mouse splenocytesMethod: 4x105 mouse spleen cells were incubated in 0.2ml per well with 10µg/ml LPS or with medium only. Proliferation was determined in triplicates by 3H-thymidine incorporation.
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Product Literature References
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Application(s): Isolation and stimulation of human neutrophils,
Abstract;
Full Text
Design of glycoconjugate vaccines against invasive African Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium: S. Rondini, et al.; Infect. Immun.
83, 996 (2015),
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MyD88 signaling in nonhematopoietic cells protects mice against induced colitis by regulating specific EGF receptor ligands: K. Brandl, et al.; PNAS USA
107, 19967 (2010),
Abstract;
Full Text
CD14 regulates the dendritic cell life cycle after LPS exposure through NFAT activation: I. Zanoni, et al.; Nature
460, 264 (2009),
Abstract;
Full Text
The porin OmpD from nontyphoidal Salmonella is a key target for a protective B1b cell antibody response: C. Gil-Cruz, et al.; PNAS U.S.A.
106, 9803 (2009),
Abstract;
Full Text
R-form LPS, the master key to the activation ofTLR4/MD-2-positive cells: M. Huber, et al.; Eur. J. Immunol.
36, 701 (2006),
Abstract;
CD14 is required for MyD88-independent LPS signaling: Z. Jiang, et al.; Nat. Immunol.
6, 565 (2005),
Abstract;
Isolation and purification of R-form lipopolysaccharides: C. Galanos & O. Lüderitz; Methods in Carbohydrate Chemistry
9, 11 (1993),
Abstract;
Electrodialysis of lipopolysaccharides and their conversion to uniform salt forms: C. Galanos & O. Lüderitz; Eur. J. Biochem.
54, 603 (1975),
Abstract;
A new method for the extraction of R lipopolysaccharides: C. Galanos, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem.
9, 245 (1969),
Abstract;
