Gliotoxin - Enzo Life Sciences

ALX-350-239

Revised 01-Feb-10

Gliotoxin Prod. # now: BML-PI129
SYNONYMS	[3R-(3α, 5aβ,6β,10aα)]-2,3,5a,6-Tetrahydro-6-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-10H-3,10a-epi-dithiopyrazino[1,2-a]indole-1,4-dione
PRODUCT LINE	Proteasome & Related Complexes
PRODUCT CATEGORY	20S Chymotrypsin-like Activity - Inhibitors & Substrates

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₃H₁₄N₂O₄S₂
MW:	326.4
CAS NUMBER:	67-99-2
MERCK INDEX:	14: 4441
RTECS:	KB4725000
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Gladiocladium fimbriatum.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to light yellow solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO or methanol (10mg/ml).
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Immunomodulating mycotoxin which acts by blocking membrane thiol groups. Causes apoptotic cell death in macrophages and thymocytes. Induces Ca²⁺ release from intact rat liver mitochondria. Inhibits the activation of transcription factor NF-κB. Antioxidant.

Product Specific Literature References

Identification of an agent in cultures of Aspergillus fumigatus displaying anti-phagocytic and immunomodulating activity in vitro: A. Müllbacher, et al.; J. Gen. Microbiol. 131, 1251 (1985) Abstract
R.J. Jones & J.G. Hancock; J. Gen. Microbiol. 134, 2067 (1988)
Gliotoxin stimulates Ca2+ release from intact rat liver mitochondria: M. Schweizer & C. Richter; Biochemistry 33, 13401 (1994) Abstract
Extracellular calcium is not required for gliotoxin or dexamethasone- induced DNA fragmentation: a reappraisal of the use of EGTA: P. Waring & A. Sjaarda; Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 17, 403 (1995) Abstract
Gliotoxin and related epipolythiodioxopiperazines: P. Waring & J. Beaver; Gen. Pharmacol. 27, 1311 (1996), Review Abstract
The immunosuppressive fungal metabolite gliotoxin specifically inhibits transcription factor NF-kappaB: H.L. Pahl, et al.; J.Exp. Med. 183, 1829 (1996) Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus suppresses the human cellular immune response via gliotoxin-mediated apoptosis of monocytes: M. Stanzani, et al.; Blood 105, 2258 (2005) Abstract
Discovery of gliotoxin as a new small molecule targeting thioredoxin redox system: H.S. Choi, et al.; BBRC 359, 523 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Antioxidants, Flavonoids & Free Radical Scavengers Other Products • Antibiotics - Immunomodulators • Natural Products - NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Mycotoxins