Non cell permeable fluorescent reagent (Ex(max): 492nm; Em(max): 514nm) for the detection of low concentration of zinc ion due to its strong affinity to zinc ion (dissociation constant: 2.7nM). The sample zinc ion can be specifically detected. Low background fluorescense supersensitizes the visualization for in vivo sample zinc ion. Also available as cell permeable derivative (Prod. No. ALX-620-076). ZnAF-2 conjugates TPEN (Prod. No. ALX-450-011) affinities with fluorescein and enhances the specificity for Zn2+.
Product Details
| Alternative Name: | 6-[N-[N',N'-bis(2-Pyridinylmethyl)-2-aminoethyl]amino-3',6'-dihydroxy-spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3-one . 4 HCl |
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| Formula: | C34H28N4O5 . 4HCl |
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| MW: | 572.6 .145.8 |
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| Concentration: | ~5mM |
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| Formulation: | Dissolved in 0.28ml DMSO. |
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| Purity: | ≥98% (HPLC) |
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| Appearance: | Pale yellow liquid. |
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| Shipping: | Blue Ice |
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| Long Term Storage: | +4°C |
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| Use/Stability: | Prepare 500-5’000-fold dilution (~1-10µM) in 100mM HEPES, pH 7.4 immediately before use. Do not store diluted solutions. BSA and phenol red may affect the fluorescence and must be avoided. |
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| Handling: | After opening, prepare aliquots and store at +4°C. Protect from light. Keep under inert gas. |
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| Scientific Background: | Zinc (Zn) is the second most abundant transition metal in the body ant it is essential as catalytic, structural and regulatory ion. Zinc ions are involved in homeostasis, immune responses, oxidative stress, apoptosis and aging. Zinc has been proposed to function as a conventional neurotransmitter for the presynaptic neuron and as a transmembrane signal to traverse the postsynaptic neuron. Aberrant zinc metabolism is associated with many neurological diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy. The most suitable technique for in vivo monitoring of zinc has been proven to be fluroescent imaging. |
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| Regulatory Status: | RUO - Research Use Only |
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Figure 1: Reaction of ZnAF-2 with Zn2+.
Figure 2: Changes in the fluorescence intensity of ZnAF-2 by adding Zn2+. 1µm of ZNAF-2 was dissolved in 100mM HEPES, pH 7.4.
Figure 3: Excitation and fluorescence spectrum of ZnAF-2. 5µM of ZnAF-2 was dissolved in 100mM HEPES, pH 7.4. Each sample was 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5µM of zinc sulfate.
Figure 4: Changes in the fluorescence intensity of ZnAF-2 by adding each type of metal ion. 5µM of ZnAF-2 was dissolved in 100mM HEPES, pH 7.4. The fluorescence intensity when no metal ion was added was 1 (the concentration of the added metal ion was: 5µM Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+ and Cu2+, 5mM of Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+)
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Product Literature References
Improvement and biological applications of fluorescent probes for zinc, ZnAFs: T. Hirano, et al.; JACS
124, 6555 (2002),
Abstract;
Mossy fiber Zn2+ spillover modulates heterosynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity in hippocampal CA3 circuits: S. Ueno, et al.; J. Cell Biol.
158, 215 (2002),
Abstract;
Full Text
Highly Zinc-Selective Fluorescent Sensor Molecules Suitable for Biological Applications: T. Hirano, et al.; JACS
122, 12399 (2000),
Full Text
General Literature References
Mechanism and regulation of cellular zinc transport: I. Sekler, et al.; Mol. Med.
13, 337 (2007),
Abstract;
Full Text
Sticky fingers: zinc-fingers as protein-recognition motifs: R. Gamsjaeger, et al.; TIBS
32, 63 (2007),
Abstract;
Zinc: a multipurpose trace element: M. Stefanidou, et al.; Arch. Toxicol.
80, 1 (2006),
Abstract;
Fluorescent detection of zinc in biological systems: recent development on the design of chemosensors and biosensors: P. Jiang & Z. Guo; Coord. Chem. Rev. 248, 205 (2004),
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