Causes disruption of normal cellular activity and cell lysis. Binds calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner. Activates phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and inhibits protein kinase C (PKC) by binding to the catalytic domain in a Mg-ATP sensitive manner. Antirheumatic.
Product Details
| Sequence: | H-Gly-Ile-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu-Lys-Val-Leu-Thr-Thr-Gly-Leu-Pro-Ala-Leu-Ile-Ser-Trp-Ile-Lys-Arg-Lys-Arg-Gln-Gln-NH2 |
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| Formula: | C131H229N39O31 |
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| MW: | 2846.5 |
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| Source: | Isolated from bee venom. |
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| CAS: | 20449-79-0 |
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| MI: | 14: 5824 |
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| RTECS: | OS3960000 |
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| Purity: | ≥85% (HPLC) |
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| Purity Detail: | Phospholipase A2 impurity: <5 units per mg solid. |
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| Appearance: | White to faint tan powder. |
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| Solubility: | Soluble in PBS (5mg/ml) or water (5mg/ml). |
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| Shipping: | Ambient Temperature |
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| Long Term Storage: | -20°C |
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| Handling: | Very hygroscopic. Protect from light. |
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| Regulatory Status: | RUO - Research Use Only |
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Product Literature References
Anti-cancer effect of bee venom in prostate cancer cells through activation of caspase pathway via inactivation of NF-kappaB: M.H. Park, et al.; Prostate
71, 801 (2011),
Abstract;
Phospholipase A2-independent Ca2+ entry and subsequent apoptosis induced by melittin in human MG63 osteosarcoma cells: S.T. Chu, et al.; Life Sci.
80, 364 (2007),
Abstract;
Therapeutic application of anti-arthritis, pain-releasing, and anti-cancer effects of bee venom and its constituent compounds: D.J. Son, et al.; Pharmacol. Ther.
115, 246 (2007),
Abstract;
Antimicrobial peptides melittin and cecropin inhibit replication of human immunodeficiency virus 1 by suppressing viral gene expression: M. Wachinger, et al.; J. Gen. Virol.
79, 731 (1998),
Abstract;
Melittin and phospholipase A2 from bee (Apis mellifera) venom cause necrosis of murine skeletal muscle in vivo: C.L. Ownby, et al.; Toxicon.
35, 67 (1997),
Abstract;
Melittin binds to secretory phospholipase A2 and inhibits its enzymatic activity: S.S. Saini, et al.; BBRC
238, 436 (1997),
Abstract;
Possible mechanisms of action of cobra snake venom cardiotoxins and bee venom melittin: J.E. Fletcher & M.S. Jiang; Toxicon.
31, 669 (1993),
Abstract;
Comparison of S100b protein with calmodulin: interactions with melittin and microtubule-associated tau proteins and inhibition of phosphorylation of tau proteins by protein kinase C: J. Baudier, et al.; Biochemistry
26, 2886 (1987),
Abstract;
Rapid purification of calmodulin and S-100 protein by affinity chromatography with melittin immobilized to sepharose: R.L. Kincaid & C.C. Coulson; BBRC
133, 256 (1985),
Abstract;
